Types of inspection, simple inspection gadgets, and lubricants and lubrication methods.
Inspection
Inspection is checking the condition of machine parts to find faults before they cause failure.
- Visual inspection – leaks, cracks, loose bolts, worn belts.
- Running inspection – noise, vibration, temperature while the machine runs.
- Shutdown inspection – machine stopped and opened for detailed checks.
- Accuracy (geometric) test – alignment, flatness, run-out of spindle.
Inspection gadgets
Spirit level, dial test indicator, feeler gauge, stethoscope (listening to bearings), thermometer/infrared gun, vibration meter, torch and mirror.
Lubrication
Lubrication is putting a film of lubricant between moving surfaces.
Purpose
- Reduce friction and wear.
- Remove heat.
- Prevent rust and corrosion.
- Keep out dust and dirt.
Types of lubricants
- Liquid – mineral oils (machine oil, gear oil, spindle oil).
- Semi-solid – grease for bearings and places where oil would leak.
- Solid – graphite, molybdenum disulphide for high temperature.
Methods
Oil can, grease gun (grease nipple), wick/drip feed, splash (gear box), forced (pump) lubrication, centralised lubrication systems.
Follow the chart Always use the grade of oil shown in the machine's lubrication chart, and clean the nipple before using a grease gun.
Quick Revision
- Inspection: visual, running, shutdown, accuracy test.
- Lubrication reduces friction, wear, heat and rust.
- Lubricants: oil, grease, solid (graphite).
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