Hazards of welding and gas cutting, and the protective equipment and precautions against them.
Welding produces intense light, heat, sparks, fumes and electric shock. A fitter must know these hazards before striking an arc or lighting a torch.
Hazards and protection
| Hazard | Protection |
|---|---|
| Ultraviolet and infrared rays (arc eye, skin burns) | Welding helmet / hand screen with correct filter glass (shade 10–12 for arc, 4–6 for gas welding/cutting goggles) |
| Sparks, spatter, hot metal | Leather gloves, apron, sleeves, safety shoes; no synthetic clothes |
| Fumes and gases | Good ventilation, fume extraction; respirator for galvanised/coated metal |
| Electric shock | Dry gloves and clothes, proper earthing, no damaged cables |
| Fire and explosion | Remove flammables, fire extinguisher ready; never weld containers that held oil/fuel |
Gas cylinder safety
- Keep cylinders upright and chained; away from heat and oil.
- Never use oil or grease on oxygen fittings – it can explode.
- Close cylinder valves when work is over.
- Check for leaks with soap solution – never with a flame.
Protect others Use welding screens so that nearby people are not exposed to the arc. Never look at the arc with naked eyes.
Quick Revision
- Arc rays → helmet with filter glass (shade 10–12).
- Ventilation for fumes; dry gloves against shock.
- Cylinders upright; no oil on oxygen fittings.
- Leak test with soap solution.
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